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The Heimskringla on Guthorm

Heimskringla > The Chronicle Of The Kings Of Norway > 2. Battle Between Halfdan And Eystein.

attestation: Guthorm son of herse Gudbrand, considered one of the finest men in the Uplands, fell in the battle on Lake Mjosen

"There fell Guthorm, the son of the herse Gudbrand, who was one of the finest men in the Uplands."

attestation: Harald's maternal uncle Guthorm served as leader of the hird, head of government, and army commander

"His mother's brother, Guthorm, was leader of the hird, at the head of the government, and commander ('hertogi') of the army."

attestation: Guthorm praised Harald's vow, calling it royal work to fulfil royal words

"Guthorm thanked the king warmly for his vow; adding, that it was royal work to fulfil royal words."

attestation: Harald left Duke Guthorm to defend the conquered eastern territories with a large force

"he set Duke Guthorm as chief to defend the country, and left a great force with him."

attestation: Duke Guthorm was foster-father to Harald's eldest son, naming the child after himself and raising him in Viken

"Guthorm the Duke had poured water over King Harald's eldest son and had given him his own name. He set the child upon his knee, and was his foster-father, and took him with himself eastward to Viken"
attestation: Guthorm governed Viken and the Uplands during King Harald's absences

"Guthorm ruled the whole land in Viken and the Uplands, when King Harald was absent."

attestation: Duke Guthorm resided principally at Tunsberg and governed all of Viken during the king's absences

"Duke Guthorm dwelt principally at Tunsberg, and governed the whole of Viken when the king was not there."

attestation: Guthorm died of illness at Tunsberg, after which King Harald appointed his own son Guthorm as chief over that part of the kingdom.

"Guthorm died on a bed of sickness at Tunsberg, and King Harald gave his son Guthorm the government of that part of his dominions and made him chief of it."

attestation: Guthorm, son of Harald, defended Viken by sailing among the coastal islands, but was ambushed and killed by Solve Klofe at a mouth of the Gaut river.

"While King Harald's son Guthorm had the defence of Viken, he sailed outside of the islands on the coast, and came in by one of the mouths of the tributaries of the Gaut river. When he lay there Solve Klofe came upon him, and immediately gave him battle, and Guthorm fell."

attestation: Guthorm was set over the territory from Glommen to Svinasund and Ranrike to defend the eastern frontier.

"His son Guthorm, as before mentioned, he had set over the country from Glommen to Svinasund and Ranrike."
attestation: Guthorm fell at the mouth of the Gaut river, slain by Solve Klofe, after which Olaf took Guthorm's kingdom.

"Guthorm fell at the mouth of the Gaut river, slain by Solve Klofe; upon which Olaf took the kingdom he had possessed."

attestation: Guthorm and Halfdan played at building houses and barns full of cattle and sheep.

"Guthorm and Halfdan, were amusing themselves. They were building great houses and barns in their play, and were supposing them full of cattle and sheep"
attestation: When asked what he most wanted, Guthorm chose corn land equal to a whole ness with ten farms.

""Corn land," replied he"

relationship: Guthorm was the son of Ketil Kalf and Gunhild of Ringanes, and a nephew of both King Olaf and Harald Sigurdson through his mother.

"Ketil Kalf and Gunhild of Ringanes had a son called Guthorm, and he was a sister's son to King Olaf and Harald Sigurdson."
attestation: Guthorm was a gallant man who matured early, served as a trusted counselor to King Harald, and was noted for his good understanding and popularity.

"Guthorm was a gallant man, early advanced to manhood. He was often with King Harald, who loved him much, and asked his advice; for he was of good understanding, and very popular."
attestation: Guthorm conducted marauding expeditions in the Western countries with a large force, treating Ireland as a land of peace and often wintering in Dublin.

"Guthorm had also been engaged early in forays, and had marauded much in the Western countries with a large force. Ireland was for him a land of peace; and he had his winter quarters often in Dublin"
relationship: Guthorm maintained a close friendship with King Margad of Ireland.

"was in great friendship with King Margad."

attestation: Guthorm and King Margad jointly raided Bretland (Wales) and captured immense booty.

"King Margad, and Guthorm with him, went out on an expedition against Bretland, where they made immense booty."
attestation: The confrontation occurred on the day before St. Olaf's day, and Guthorm invoked God and Saint Olaf before battle, vowing a tenth of the spoils to Olaf's shrine.

"This was the day before St. Olaf's day. Guthorm chose the condition that they would rather die or conquer like men"
attestation: Guthorm defeated King Margad despite being greatly outnumbered, attributing his victory to divine aid and Saint Olaf's intercession. Margad and all his followers were killed.

"By the help of God, and the holy Saint Olaf, Guthorm won the battle. King Margad fell, and every man, old and young, who followed him"
attestation: Guthorm fulfilled his vow by giving every tenth penny of the booty to Saint Olaf's shrine and commissioning a seven-foot silver image with rays around its head.

"Every tenth penny of the booty they had made was taken, according to the vow, to King Olaf the Saint's shrine; and there was so much silver that Guthorm had an image made of it, with rays round the head"